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Airplane data is transmitted from airplane systems to 4 dual channel, Data Acquisition Units (DAU), through the Avionics Standard Communication Bus (ASCB), to 3 Integrated Avionics Computers (IAC), to the Display Units (DU).
The 4 dual channel DAUs operate with one channel active and the other channel on standby, with both channels updating data at the same time.
The ASCB is the principal communications network interconnecting the system components. Data traffic flow on the ASCB is managed by 3 bus controllers (one bus controller in each IAC). Only one bus controller is in control at a time, with the other 2 in standby status.
The three IACs, each contain a Symbol Generator (SG) and a Fault Warning Computer (FWC). The SGs process data from various sources and output the data to the 6 DUs. The FWC compares sensor input data, verifies all critical display data and displays warning, caution, advisory and status messages as applicable.
The IACs perform the following functions:
Volume 2 Flight Crew Operating Manual Rev 2A, Apr 11, 2005
CREW ALERTING MESSAGES
The crew alerting system portion of EICAS continually monitors all airplane systems. If an operationally significant fault occurs on a system, EICAS displays a crew alerting message on the EICAS display unit. In addition to the display messages, some crew alerts are also indicated by aural tones, voice advisories, MASTER WARNING and MASTER CAUTION lights.
All crew alerting system messages are divided into one of four categories and in the following priority:
Warning messages are generated when immediate recognition and corrective or compensatory action is required. They are the most urgent type of crew alerts. They always appear at the top of the message stack on the EICAS primary display. All warnings cause the MASTER WARNING lights on the glareshield to flash and have an aural alert consisting of a unique tone or a triple chime plus a voice advisory. Once acknowledged flashing stops.
Triple Chime
"LEFT ENGINE FIRE"
Glareshield EICAS Display Aural
Warning messages cannot be removed from view, unless the applicable failure has been rectified. If a failure is rectified, messages which appeared below the deleted message, will move up one line. When a new fault occurs, the new message will move to the top of the stack.
Caution messages are generated when immediate crew awareness is required and subsequent crew action will be required. Caution messages appear immediately below the warnings in the message stack on the EICAS display. All cautions cause the MASTER CAUTION lights on the glareshield to flash and have an aural alert consisting of a single chime. Once acknowledged flashing stops .
Single Chime
GF0310_005
Glareshield EICAS Display Aural
Caution messages can be paged and scrolled from view, using SCROLL knob on EICAS control panel. If a new abnormal situation occurs, the corresponding caution message will flash and the remaining messages will remain steady. To view all of the non-displayed messages, turn SCROLL knob on the EICAS control panel. If a new message is posted, it will be displayed at the top of the stack.
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